Spinal cord injuries cause muscle paralysis and loss of sensation, affect between 12 and 18 people per million each year in Australia. The most common causes of spinal cord injuries are motor vehicle accidents and falls. There is currently no cure for a spinal cord injury, although outcomes can be greatly improved with comprehensive rehabilitation.

Acquired brain injury refers to any injury to the brain that occurs after birth. Brain injury can affect movement, thinking and emotional centres in the brain and can result in difficulties with everyday activities. Brain injury is relatively common, affecting over 700 000 Australians. Physiotherapy can assist with movement problems, which is important in the recovery process of brain injury—from hospital to home, return to work and sporting activities.

Arthritis refers to a group of conditions affecting the body’s joints, including the bone, muscle and surrounding soft tissues. The most common symptoms are joint pain, stiffness and reduced function, which can lead to disability and reduced quality of life. Arthritis is a common condition affecting 3.5 million Australians which is about 15 per cent of the population. Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are the two most common types. Arthritis has no cure but its symptoms can be successfully managed with exercise, weight loss, lifestyle changes and appropriate medication.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a painful inflammatory rheumatic condition characterised by swelling of structures in the spine. AS typically starts in your 20’s, affecting both men and women. If you have AS, joint stiffness, joint and muscle pain and fatigue are key issues you’ll need to learn to manage.